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1956 CE – Simplified Chinese Characters Adopted
Simplified Chinese characters are standardized Chinese characters used in Mainland China and Singapore, as prescribed by the Table of General Standard Chinese Characters. Along with traditional Chinese characters, they are one of the two standard character sets of the contemporary Chinese written language. The government of the People’s Republic of China in mainland China has promoted them for use in printing since the 1950s and 1960s to encourage literacy.[2] They are officially used in the People’s Republic of China, Malaysia and Singapore, while traditional Chinese characters still remain in common use in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan (as well as in South Korea and Japan to a certain extent).
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1949 CE – Assemble Language
In computer programming, assembly language (or assembler language),[1] is any low-level programming language in which there is a very strong correspondence between the instructions in the language and the architecture’s machine code instructions.[2] Assembly language usually has one statement per machine instruction (1:1), but constants, comments, assembler directives,[3] symbolic labels of, e.g., memory locations, registers, and macros[4][1] are generally also supported.
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1443 CE – Korean alphabet, Hangul created by Sejong
Hangul was created in 1443 CE by King Sejong the Great in an attempt to increase literacy by serving as a complement (or alternative) to the logographic Sino-Korean Hanja, which had been used by Koreans as its primary script to write the Korean language since as early as the Gojoseon period, along with the usage of Classical Chinese.[9][10] As a result, Hangul was initially denounced and disparaged by the Korean educated class; the script became known as eonmun (‘vernacular writing’, 언문, 諺文), and it only became the primary Korean script in the decades following Korea’s independence from Japan in the mid-20th century.
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1283 CE – Thai Script Created by King Ramkhamhaeng the Great
The Thai script (Thai: อักษรไทย, RTGS: akson thai) is the abugida used to write Thai, Southern Thai and many other languages spoken in Thailand. The Thai alphabet itself (as used to write Thai) has 44 consonant symbols (Thai: พยัญชนะ, phayanchana), 16 vowel symbols (Thai: สระ, sara) that combine into at least 32 vowel forms and four tone diacritics (Thai: วรรณยุกต์ or วรรณยุต, wannayuk or wannayut) to create characters mostly representing syllables.
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~800 CE – Hiragana and Katakana of Japanese
Hiragana (平仮名, ひらがな, Japanese pronunciation: [çiɾaɡaꜜna])[note 1] is a Japanese syllabary, part of the Japanese writing system, along with katakana as well as kanji. It is a phonetic lettering system. The word hiragana literally means “flowing” or “simple” kana (“simple” originally as contrasted with kanji).
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70 CE – Demise of Cuneiform
In Babylonia itself, the script survived for two more millennia until its demise around 70 C.E.
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179-142 BCE – Paper in China found Earlier than in Cai Lun’s Era
Archaeological evidence of papermaking predates the traditional attribution given to Cai Lun, an imperial eunuch official of the Han dynasty (202 BCE – 220 CE), thus the exact date or inventor of paper cannot be deduced. The earliest extant paper fragment was unearthed at Fangmatan in Gansu province, and was likely part of a map, dated to 179–141 BCE. Fragments of paper have also been found at Dunhuang dated to 65 BCE and at Yumen pass, dated to 8 BCE.
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1200 BCE – Earliest Current Chinese Characters
Various current Chinese characters have been traced back to the late Shang Dynasty about 1200–1050 BC,[6][7][8] but the process of creating characters is thought to have begun some centuries earlier.[9] After a period of variation and evolution, Chinese characters were standardized under the Qin Dynasty (221–206 BC).[10] Over the millennia, these characters have evolved into well-developed styles of Chinese calligraphy.[11]
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~1500 – 600 BCE – Verdic Sanskrit
Sanskrit (/ˈsænskrɪt/; attributively संस्कृत-, saṃskṛta-; nominally संस्कृतम्, saṃskṛtam, IPA: [ˈsɐ̃skr̩tɐm][17][d]) is a classical language of South Asia that belongs to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late Bronze Age. Sanskrit is the sacred language of Hinduism, the language of classical Hindu philosophy, and of historical texts of Buddhism and Jainism. It was a link language in ancient and medieval South Asia, and upon transmission of Hindu and Buddhist culture to Southeast Asia, East Asia and Central Asia in the early medieval era, it became a language of religion and high culture, and of the political elites in some of these regions.As a result, Sanskrit had a lasting impact on the languages of South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia, especially in their formal and learned vocabularies.
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3rd Centry BCE – Present – Pali, Middle Indo-Aryan Liturgical Language
Pali (/ˈpɑːli/) is a Middle Indo-Aryan liturgical language native to the Indian subcontinent. It is widely studied because it is the language of the Pāli Canon or Tipiṭaka as well as the sacred language of Theravāda Buddhism. In early time, it was written in Brahmi script.